Fig. 3
From: The challenges of estimating the distribution of flight heights from telemetry or altimetry data
Removing the negative recorded flight heights introduces biases in the distribution of the remaining flight heights. Left group of panels: in simulations, where the true flight height is known. Right group of panels: in the raptor case studies, where the corrected flight height is assumed to represent the true flight height. In all panels, the x-axis features the variance in the true (or corrected) flight height. The y-axis features the percentage bias in a mean flight height; b collision risk (proportion of time spent between 60 and 180 m above ground); c variance in flight height; and d skewness of the distribution of flight height. A percentage bias of + 10% means that the focal quantity is 10% larger after we remove the negative records