Wing tags severely impair movement in African Cape Vultures

Table 3 GAMM with the square root of the daily cumulative distance included as dependent variable, interaction between tag attachment and group as fixed term and individual identity as random intercept

Coeff	Est	SE	t	p
Intercept	7.79	0.16	49.42	***
Patagial att	− 0.65	0.22	− 2.97	**
Captive group	− 0.09	0.21	− 0.44	NS
Patagial:Captive	0.19	0.27	0.70	NS

Smooth terms	Edf	Ref. df	F	p
Tracking duration	5.34	5.34	6.37	***
N. Loc	7.28	7.28	3568.63	***
Date	5.45	8.00	3.76	***

Number of days since deployment, number of locations and day of the year were included as smooth terms. The model was fitted with the restricted maximum likelihood using the gaussian family
NS p\(\ge\)0.05; * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001

ISSN: 2050-3385