Fig. 9From: Dead-reckoning animal movements in R: a reappraisal using Gundog.TracksSchematic diagram illustrating the order of fixes used when calculating the \({\text{ Distance}}_{{{\text{corr}}.{\text{factor}}}}\) and \({\text{Heading}}_{{{\text{corr}}.{\text{factor}}}}\) (difference of both GPS and dead-reckoned (DR) positions between arrow heads). Note the discrepancy with the order at which these correction factors are applied to intermediate DR positions (as denoted by colour shading). Known starting position denoted with asteriskBack to article page