Fig. 4
From: Environmental correlates of activity and energetics in a wide-ranging social carnivore
Daily activity patterns of male wolves (n = 5) in Denali National Park and Preserve, Alaska in three biological seasons: breeding, pup-rearing, and recruitment. A GAM smoothing of the distance moved between successive 1-h continuous time-correlated random walk (CTCRW) derived locations (blue line, m), and the mean hourly overall dynamic body acceleration (ODBA, green line, g), as a function of hour of day (both with standard error shading). Day (white) and night (shaded) are indicated based on the average sunrise and sunset times for each season during collaring. Note the separate axis on the right for ODBA. B The proportion of each hour of the day when the ODBA (g) was within specific levels (see ODBA/Behavior scale) for each of the observed seasons. High ODBA are in yellow colors, low ODBA are in dark blues